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Migliorino Ubaldini
Migliorino Ubaldini (active 1548), known also as "Captain Mellerin," was an Italian military engineer working in Scotland. He designed new fortifications at the entrances of Edinburgh Castle, Dunbar Castle, and possibly the walled town of Leith.
==Scottish assignment==
During the war with England known as the Rough Wooing, on 5 February 1548 Regent Arran appointed Migliorino Ubaldini as supreme commander of all Scottish forces by land and sea. Ubaldini had been sent to Scotland by Henry II of France who called him a famous captain. Despite this, Marcus Merriman, a modern historian, found no recorded details of his previous career. Merriman linked Ubaldini's appointment in Scotland with Lord Methven's plea to Mary of Guise in December 1547 for a French captain who had intelligence to assiege and order artillery.〔''Calendar State Papers Spain'', vol.9, (1912), 246: Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 321-323: Cameron, Annie I., ed., ''The Scottish Correspondence of Mary of Lorraine'', SHS (1927), 208-211.〕
Two letters written by Ubaldini in 1548 to Mary of Guise survive.〔Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 327-330: illustrations in Merriman, (1999)〕 In 1548/9 he wrote two letters to the brother of Mary of Guise, the Duc d'Aumale, which note a French form of his name as; "Captain Mellerin."〔Omont, Henri, ''Catalogue général des manuscrits Français de la Bibliotheue Nationale,'' vol.1, (1868), p.129, 138〕
At the same period, there was another Ubaldini in Scotland; Petruccio Ubaldini, who fought for English at Haddington.〔Merriman, Marcus, ''The Rough Wooings'', Tuckwell (2000), 370.〕 Other Italian engineers who worked in Scotland for the Scottish side during the Rough Wooings include Leone Strozzi, Piero Strozzi, and perhaps Giovanni Portinari, who Nicolas Throckmorton later recruited for English service because he already spoke Scots.〔''Calendar State Papers Foreign Elizabeth'', 1559-60, Longman (1865), 110, Killigrew to Elizabeth, 14 November 1559.〕 Camillo Marini, younger brother of Girolamo Marini, worked on border fortifications in 1550 and 1551.〔A. Cameron ed., ''Balcarres Papers 1548-1557'', (SHS, Edinburgh, 1925), pp. 92-3: : For Camillo Marini, see also (BNF Guerre et artillerie, de 1540 à 1595. Tome 1, MS. Français 4552, fol. 48v & 50r )〕
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